环球企业家 2010/03/12赵轶佳
马丁·雅克的《When China Rules the World》从政治、文化、经济、地缘等各方面阐述独一无二的中国现代化进程模式
这并不是一本类似《中国可以说不》的中国人为自己呐喊的充满民族情绪的书籍。《当中国统治世界（When China Rules the World）》一书的作者马丁·雅克（Martin Jacques）是位英国人，和众多试图了解中国奇迹的西方人一样，他在东亚呆过的时间超过15年。在本书中，他试图从政治、文化、经济、地缘等各方面来阐述，中国的现代化进程模式将不同于西方，将是独一无二的。他认为，21世纪将是一个完全不同的世纪，随着非西方国家力量的迅速兴起，西方将不再占据主导地位，一国实现现代化的方式也将多种多样。在这个充满“现代竞争性”的新时代里，中国将成为全球竞技场上的核心角色。中国经济的迅猛增长已经产生了深远的影响，并一直为国际社会津津乐道，但是其影响力远远不止这些：中国的崛起标志着西方民族国家在全球主导地位的终结，同时也表明一个运用多种不同方式塑造的新型世界的崛起。
For the growing number of Americans who see China heading for inevitable global dominance, nudging aside the United States, a brief walk down memory lane helps put long-term predictions into perspective. Not so long ago, Japan was seen as the next (economic) number 1. American executives studied the 14 management principles of The Toyota Way, developed by the automobile manufacturer that grew into the world’s biggest car maker and is now recalling millions of defective vehicles.
Economists have been predicting this shift for decades. China is already the world’s top manufacturer, top auto market, top cement producer and top polluter. Its military and naval capacity is growing. Its construction-driven hunger for natural resources, especially timber and energy, is reshaping the landscapes of Africa, Southeast Asia and South America. Experts may argue about the pace of China’s economic ascent — Nobel laureate economist Robert Fogel predicts that China’s economy will be an eye-popping 40% of global GDP by 2040, while others project somewhat more modest growth — but few question that it’s happening dazzlingly fast.
Ovo stoljeće je stoljeće Kine. Vrijeme Zapada ‐ dva stoljeće njegova uspona i snage ‐ okončano je. Do polovice 21. stoljeća, kada će Zapad ostvarivati manje od polovice svjetskog bruto nacionalnog proizvoda, nastupit će preokret i novi, drukčiji ustroj svijet s Kinom kao glavnom supersilom.
To je osnovna teza kapitalne knjige britanskog učenjaka, profesora na britanskim i kineskim sveučilištima, kolumnista londonskog Timesa i Independenta i osnivača organizacije Demos, dr. Martina Jacquesa “Kad Kina zagospodari svijetom: Kraj Zapadnog svijeta i rađanje novog svjetskog poretka”. Ova opsežna studija u izdanju The Penguin Pressa, izuzetna po analitičnosti i potkrijepljenosti, novom tezom o krahu Zapada izaziva podijeljene reakcije.
不同的地缘环境、历史经历与国家特征，决定了中国与西方对外政策的差异。在本书作者看来，尽管中国希望建设强大的军力，但它并不会随意使用这种力量，也不会成为西方传统意义上的帝国主义国家。考虑到“中央王国”观念的深远影响，随着中国全球地位的上升，它或许会选择通过其他方式在世界各地积极发挥影响力。
Sino-Indian relations are back in public debate after the New York Times report on Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) soldiers in Gilgit-Baltistan, visa denial to Lt. Gen. B.S. Jaswal, General Officer Commanding in Chief (GOC-in-C), Northern Command, and on top of earlier Chinese transgressions like separate paper visas for Jammu and Kashmir residents. Were not the bilateral relations on the upswing since the handshake between Rajiv Gandhi and Deng Xiaoping in 1988?
海外华人对祖国有着特殊的感情。他们奉中国为“正统”，努力学习中国文化并延续传统习俗，即便离开故土百年也未曾改变。本书作者认为，这种观点集中体现了中国作为文明古国的“文化向心力”，随着中国重新崛起为世界强国，海外华人的民族凝聚力也会得到进一步提升。
海外华人把当地人叫“外人”
海外华人认为中国才是“正统”，这种民族自豪感根深蒂固。英国作家詹姆斯·金奇曾给我讲述发生在意大利北部城市普拉多的一件奇事：一家华人社区创办的报纸，在头版报道了“３名外贼（意大利人）”在唐人街行窃的新闻。金奇打电话给该报主编，结果发现当地华人不光把意大利人叫“外贼”，甚至把华人之外的所有人都称作“外人”。
NEW YORK – “When China rules the world”, quando la Cina governerà il mondo. Un titolo che è un pugno nello stomaco. O un incubo. Sarà per questo che il saggio di Martin Jacques, uscito in Inghilterra e negli Stati Uniti, è stato tradotto in Cina, Taiwan, Giappone, Indonesia, ma in nessun paese dell’Europa continentale? E’ troppo duro per noi confrontarci con le tesi di Jacques? “L’Europa – sorride lo studioso britannico – ha abbandonato lo sforzo di elaborare un’idea del futuro. Ai cinesi sa esprimere solo una serie di lamentele che si possono riassumere in una sola: perché non siete come noi?”
Like his predecessors over the last two decades, US president Barack Obama will meet with the dalai lama on Thursday. As usual, China expressed its “resolute” objections to the meeting. What seems like the routine reaction to a visit by the Tibetan spiritual leader to a head of state has become a symbol of the increasingly strained relations between the US and China.
What is going on?